月水量平衡模型的比较研究

Comparison of Monthly Water Balance Models

简要介绍了8种月水量平衡模型,并从模型结构上进行了对比分析。选取东江、赣江和汉江流域的51个子流域为代表,对所选模型进行径流模拟效果比较分析。结果表明:Vandewiele水量平衡模型(VWBM)、ABCD模型、两参数月水量平衡模型(TPWB)、三参数月水量平衡模型(TRPWB)、改进的两参数月水量平衡模型(MTPWB)、动态水量平衡模型(DWBM)模拟效果较好,Thornthwaite-Mather水量平衡模型(TMWB)、澳大利亚水量平衡模型(AWBM)模拟效果相对较差。DWBM模型在率定期和检验期获得了令人满意的结果,而且模型结构简洁稳健,物理概念明确,可应用于无资料地区的径流预测。

8 monthly water balance models were introduced,the structures of which were compared with each other.51 sub-catchments in the river basins of Dongjiang,Ganjiang and Hanjiang were chosen for comparison analysis of the runoff simulation results of selected models.The results show that Vandewiele water balance model（VWBM）,ABCD model,two-parameter monthly water balance model（TPWB）,tri-parameter monthly water balance model（TRPWB）,modified two-parameter monthly water balance model（MTPWB） and dynamic water balance model（DWBM） obtain good simulation results,Thornthwaite-Mather water balance model（TMWB） and Australia water balance model（AWBM） perform relatively poor.DWBM was calibrated and tested against measured stream flow and showed promising results.Moreover,the structure of the DWBM model is parsimony and robustness and has a clear physical explanation.It is suggested that the model be used to predict stream flow for ungauged catchments.