季节冻土区地下水观测成果在流域产汇流理论研究中的应用述评

Application of Seasonal Frozen Zone Groundwater Observation Results in Watershed Runoff Yield and Flow Concentration Study

将山坡水文学产流机制——超渗地面径流、饱和地面径流、壤中径流和地下径流等成分的产流机制,概括为界面(不透水层)产流机制。介绍季节冻土区近地表地下水若干创新的观测成果,综述其在季节冻土区流域产汇流理论研究领域中的应用,建议水利、农业、气象、林业、地质等部门在季节冻土区近地表地下水观测方面通力合作。可以预期,季节冻土区近地表地下水观测成果在产汇流理论研究以及流域水文模型研制中得到进一步的应用。

The runoff production mechanism of interface （impermeable layer） can be generalized from the runoff production and flow concentration mechanism in hillslope hydrology, including surface runoff excess of infiltration, saturated surface runoff, subsurface flow, groundwater runoff. This paper introduced a number of recent innovated observation achievements on seasonal frozen zone as well as their application in study of watershed runoff yield and flow concentration. It is highly recommended that departments such as water conservancy, agriculture, meteorological bureau, forestry, geology should give full cooperation to near-surface groundwater observation. It is predictable that these observed results will be used for further application not only in the research on watershed runoff yield and flow concentration theories, but also in the development of watershed hydrological models.