《诗经》四言体成因蠡测

On the four-word sentences of the Book of Songs

文学是语言的艺术,诗体的核心是句式,从句式来观察《诗经》诗体,因其主要以四言为主,故可称之为四言诗。《诗经》四言体的成因是周代基于行礼奏乐的现实需要而对之前即已经出现的四言体的有意识的"选择",这种选择既具有中国古典诗歌起源处的语言上"先天"的决定性,也有周人诗歌依附于仪式并受其影响的因素。也就是说,《诗经》四言诗体的形成,一方面与先秦审美文化崇尚对偶的心理有关,另一方面也同早期诗歌,尤其是《诗经》诗篇多为仪式而作或多在仪式场合由打击乐器伴奏而歌的事实相关。

Whereas literature is a languistic art,the sentential structure is the key to poetic study.The four-word sentences of Book of Songs are selected on the basis of the musical rites of the Zhou in addition to the Chinese classic poetic style.Moreover,the pre-Qin aestheticism and the popular form of ceremony of musical rites also account.