S_1选择法对玉米群体产量性状改良效果的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Maize Germplasm Improvement in Yield Trait by S_1 Selection

以产量性状及农艺性状作为研究对象,比较分析前人利用S1选择法实施群体改良获得的遗传增益、遗传变异及对玉米群体结构的影响。比较发现,S1选择法能够有效提高玉米群体产量和一般配合力,降低群体茎秆倒伏率和子粒含水量,但遗传方差降低较快。育种可考虑先运用混合选择法改良群体,克服遗传方差迅速降低的缺点,然后进行2～3轮的S1选择法进一步提高产量、适应性及耐自交能力,进而创造优异的育种新材料。

Studing the yield and agronomic traits,we systematically compared and analysed the previous research results related to the genetic gains, genetic variation and population structure in the maize population yield improvement using the S1 selection method. Results revealed that S1 selection method was effective in the improvement of the population yield and general combining ability （GCA）,and the reducement of the kernel water content and stalk lodging, but the genetic variance was rapid decreasing. Considering the characteristics of this method,we proposed that the mass selection should be used firstly to improve the population, in order to overcome the rapid decrease of genetic variance.Two or three circles selection should be done using S1 method in the next step aimed at increasing yield, adaptability and the tolerance of self-fertility further, and finally the new breeding material could be created.