小麦籽粒构型与粒重性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Kernel Configuration and Kernel Weight of Wheat

以小麦6044×01-35杂交后获得的重组自交系群体为试验材料,对其籽粒构型与粒重性状予以遗传分析。结果表明,重组自交系群体籽粒构型性状均呈正态分布,均有不同程度的变异;广义遗传力较高的是粒长/粒厚、粒宽/粒厚、粒长/粒宽、粒长和粒宽;由主成分分析来看,对粒重影响最大的依次是粒长、粒长/粒厚、粒宽/粒厚;千粒重与粒长、粒宽和粒厚均呈极显著正相关性,与粒长/粒宽、粒长/粒厚和粒宽/粒厚呈显著负相关;通过逐步回归和通径分析表明,提高千粒重需协调好粒长、粒宽和粒厚的关系,尤其是粒厚。

The recombined inbred lines（RILs） from the cross of 6044 and 01-35 were used for the genetic analysis of kernel configuration and kernel weight characters.The results indicated that the kernel configuration of RILs was normal distributed and varied differently.The kernel length（KL）/kernel thickness（KT）,kernel width（KW）/kernel thickness,kernel length/kernel width,kernel length and kernel width had higher generalized hereditary.The principle component analysis indicated that KL,KL/KT,KW/KT influenced kernel weight greatly.The thousand kernel weight（TKW） very significantly positively correlated with kernel length,kernel width and kernel thickness,while significantly negatively correlated with KL/KW,KL/KT and KW/KT.By stepwise regression and path analysis,it was concluded that to improve TKW should coordinate the relations of kernel length,kernel width and kernel thickness,especially kernel thickness.