甲醚化MF改性MF/PVA阻燃纤维的结构与性能

Structure and properties of MF/PVA flame-retardant fiber modified with methyl-etherified melamine formaldehyde

以甲醚化三聚氰胺甲醛(MF)树脂、MF树脂和聚乙烯醇(PVA)在一定条件下制得纺丝原液,经湿法纺丝得到甲醚化MF改性的MF/PVA纤维;研究了纺丝过程中氮流失率和纤维的形貌结构、力学性能、热性能以及阻燃性能。结果表明:甲醚化MF的加入可以降低MF树脂在凝固浴中的溶出;随甲醚化MF比例的增加,氮流失率逐渐降低,纤维表面更光滑,纤维力学性能、阻燃性能均有所降低;当体系中MF树脂与甲醚化MF树脂的质量比为1:3时,氮流失率降低至13.09%,纤维经过后处理,其极限氧指数达到30.4%。

A spinning dope was prepared from methyl-etherified melamine formaldehyde （MF） resin, MF resin and polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） under specifed conditions and was spun into MF/PVA fiber modified with methyl-etherified MF by wet spinning process. The nitrogen loss-rate during the spinning process was studied, as were the morphology, mechanical properties, thermal properties and flame retardancy of the fiber. The result showed that the introduction of methyl-etherified MF could depress the dissolution of MF resin from the coagulation bath; the nitrogen loss rate gradually dropped, the fiber surface became smoother, the mechanical properties and flame retardaney of the fiber decreased in some degree as the proportion of methyl-etherified MF was increased; and the nitrogen-loss rate was decreased to 13.09% and the the limiting oxygen index reached 30.4% after post treatment as the mass ratio of MF resin and methyl-etherified MF resin was 1： 3.