大麦种质资源的SSR遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Barley Varieties by SSR

为研究不同来源大麦品种资源的亲缘关系,利用107对多态性好的SSR引物对不同来源的96份大麦品种资源的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明,107对SSR引物共检测出470个位点,每个引物可检测出2~10个位点,平均每个引物4.4个位点,剔除部分等位性位点,共有319个多态性位点,占总检测位点的67.8%。引物的多态性信息含量PIC最高为0.75,最低为0.04,平均为0.42。聚类结果表明,参试品种的遗传相似系数（GS）分布在0.5480~0.9195之间。在GS值为0.674水平时,可将参试品种聚为4大类,其中42份来自我国不同地区及日本引进的冬大麦品种（系）和另外2份美国引进品种（系）被聚为同一亚类;45份美国引进品种（系）和2份国内品种（系）被聚为同一亚类,即本研究材料的SSR遗传差异主要与材料的来源有关,但也出现了少量材料的交叉分类,说明国内外大麦育种均存在遗传基础较狭窄的问题,需加强外来种质的引进与利用。

The genetic diversity among 96 barley varieties（lines） from Different sources were analyzed by 107 pairs of SSR markers of good Polymorphism to provide genetic information in barley varieties.107 pairs of SSR primers with polymorphism were detected and 470 loci were measured in total.Each primer ccould detect 2～10 loci with 4.4 loci in average.Among those,319 loci have polymorphism which accounted 67.8 %.The polymorphism information content among the primers got the highest PIC of 0.75 and the lowest of 0.04,with the average of 0.42 among the 107 pairs.Clustering analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficient（GS） ranged between 0.5480～0.9195.At the genetic similarity coefficient level of 0.674,these varieties could be clustered into 4 groups.Among them,42 of the winter barley varieties（lines） from different areas in China and introduced from Japan,and another 2 varieties（lines） introduced from USA were clustered into the same sub-class.45 varieties（lines） introduced from USA and 2 Chinese varieties（lines） were clustered into the same sub-class.That is to say,SSR genetic differences were mainly concerned with the material sources,but also a few materials appeared crossover classification in this study.There was problem that the genetic basis of domestic and introduced barley materials was narrow.The introduction of foreign barley varieties and their utilization needed to strengthen in Chinese barley breeding.