住院患儿EB病毒感染血清流行病学调查分析

Seroepidemiological study of Epstein-Barr virus infection in hospitalized children

目的了解住院患儿EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)的流行情况。方法对2009-01-01—2009-12-31在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院临检中心应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)行EBV衣壳抗原(EBVCA)血清学检查的结果进行全面调查,从性别、年龄及季节等方面统计EBV的感染情况。结果 18岁以下住院患儿EBV总体感染率为35.27%,新发感染率为12.66%。EBV的累积感染率随年龄增长逐渐增高,至学龄前期近半数儿童已发生感染,3～5岁为感染发生的高峰年龄。0～3个月、>3～6个月、>6～12个月、>1～2岁、>3～5岁、>6～12岁、>12～18岁的EBV累积感染率分别为27.70%(实际低于该值)、10.48%、14.13%、27.69%、44.61%、51.99%、57.34%;新发感染率分别为1.15%、1.25%、2.52%、12.55%、22.21%、18.55%、20.3%。3月及9～10月EBV的新发感染率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄阶段按性别比较EBV累积感染率及新发感染率除1～2岁组有差异外(P<0.05),其余各组均无差异(P>0.05)。结论住院患儿EBV的感染率较国内的既往报道明显降低,学龄前儿童已有近半数发生感染,3～5岁为感染的高峰年龄段。EBV的累积感染率及新发感染率无性别差异;3月及9～10月感染率较高。

Objective To understand the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in hospitalized children. Methods All results of anti-VCA-IgM and anti-VCA-IgG to Epstein-Barr virus detected by ELISA in Chongqing Children’s Hospital from January to December in 2009 were collected. The data was counted using statistical analysis of Chi-Square Test by gender, age group and season. Results The total infection rate of Epstein-Barr virus for hoapitalized children under 18 years old was 35.27% in 2009 and the recent infection rate was 12.66%.The accumulation infection rate gradually increased with ages, and nearly half of children had been infected by Epstein-Barr virus in pre-school age group. The period from 3 to 5 years old was the peak age of infection. The accumulation rate among 0～3 months, 3～6 months, 6～12 months, 1～2 years, 3～5 years, 6～12 years and 13～18 years old was 27.70%, 10.48%, 14.13%, 27.69%, 44.61%, 51.99% and 57.34%, respectively. And the recent infection rate was 1.15%, 1.25%, 2.52%, 12.55%, 22.21%, 18.55% and 20.3%, respectively. The recent infection rates in March, September and October were higher than those of others in 2009, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Except the 1～2 years group （P 〈 0.05）, there was no difference in other age groups about the cumulative and the recent infection rate by gender （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion 1. The infection rate of Epstein-Barr virus for childen is lower than that reported before in China. Nearly half of children have been infected by Epstein-Barr virus in pre-school age group, the peak period of infection being 3～5 years old.2. There is no gender difference of cumulative and recent infection rate in Chongqing in 2009, the infection rate in March and September-October were higher than those of others.