黑龙江省不同类型土壤微量元素含量及对稻米品质的影响

Contents of Mineral Nutrient Elements in Different Types of Soil and Effects on Rice Qualities in Heilongjiang Province

采用单因素方法研究黑龙江省不同类型土壤铜、锰、铁、锌微量元素含量与稻米子粒铜、锰、铁、锌微量元素的关系及其对稻米品质的影响。结果表明,不同类型土壤铜含量顺序为白浆土>黑土>草甸土>盐碱土,锰和铁的含量顺序与铜一致,锌的含量则是黑土>白浆土>草甸土>盐碱土。土壤中的铜、锰、铁、锌含量与水稻子粒中各微量元素含量达极显著正相关;水稻子粒中铜、锰、铁、锌含量高,稻米整精米率、长宽比和食味评分降低,蛋白质含量和垩白粒率升高;各微量元素对于稻米出糙率和直链淀粉含量的影响不一致,子粒中铜、锰、铁含量高,稻米出糙率高,锌含量与稻米出糙率则相反,各微量元素对于稻米的出糙率影响不大,铜和锌含量低,锰和铁含量高,稻米的直链淀粉含量高,子粒中各微量元素与稻米品质指标的关系间接反映出各类土壤微量元素含量与稻米品质指标的关系。

Contents of mineral nutrient elements in different types of soil and effects on qualities of rice grain and in Heilongjiang province were studied by using the univariate analysis method.The results showed that the orders of soil types in terms of the contents of soil Cu,Mn and Fe were the same,namely albic,black soil,meadow soil,alkali saline soil.The order of soil types in terms of the Zn content was black soil,albic,meadow soil,alkali saline soil.The contents of Cu,Mn,Fe and Zn in rice grain were significantly positively correlated with those in soils.The head rice rate and aspect ratio and taste score declined and protein content and percentage of chalky grains increased with the increase of Cu,Mn,Fe and Zn contents in rice grain.The effects on brown rice rate and amylose content were different.That is,the brown rice rate increased with the increase of the contents of Cu,Mn and Fe and the decrease of the Zn content.The effects of all kinds of four mineral nutrient elements were very small on brown rice rate.The amylose conten increased with the increase of Mn and Fe contents and the decrease of Cu and Zn contents.The relations of the contents of mineral nutrient elements in rice grain with rice quality indirectly reflected the relationships between the content of minerals of various types of soil and grain quality.