中国不同省份籼稻地方品种的遗传结构分析

Analysis of Genetic Structure for Indica Rice Landraces from Different Provinces in China

利用78对SSR引物,对原产于中国14个省份的280份籼稻地方品种进行遗传多样性分析。在此基础上,采用Powermarker、Structure 2.2和Popgen 32软件分析其遗传结构。基于Nei’s遗传距离的聚类结果显示,供试材料可分为6个类群,相邻省份的品种基本聚在同一类群中,且在每个类群中各省份籼稻地方品种单独形成一个小类群,说明同一省份内品种的遗传基础较相似。而陕西籼稻地方品种聚在2个类群中,台湾籼稻地方品种聚在3个类群中,这2个省的籼稻地方品种遗传背景较复杂。按Structure 2.2软件分析结果,供试材料可分为4大类群,地理位置较近的省份籼稻地方品种基本聚在同一类群中,而陕西和台湾籼稻地方品种较分散聚于不同类群,与基于Nei’s遗传距离的聚类结果类似。按Popgen 32软件分析结果,供试材料各省份也分为4大类群。除个别省份外,相隔较近的多数省份基本聚在同一小类群或大类群中。3种软件的分析结果虽有一些差异,但基本趋于一致,并互为补充。总体而言,同一个省份的籼稻地方品种基本聚在同一小类群;相隔较近省份的籼稻地方品种多数聚类在同一个类群中,聚类结果与品种所处的地理位置相关。陕西和台湾籼稻地方品种的遗传基础较复杂。

Two hundred and eighty indica rice landraces from 14 provinces in China were analyzed using 78 microsatellite markers distributed across the whole rice genome.The genetic structure of these entries was studied using Powermarker,Structure 2.2 and Popgen 32 softwares.Using Powermarker software,all landraces were classified into six groups based on Nei＇s genetic distance;landraces from adjacent provinces were massed in the same large group,and those of a certain province were clustered together in the same small group except that Shaanxi and Taiwan entries were involved in two and three groups,respectively.This indicated that the genetic bases of provincial indica rice landraces was more complicated in Shaanxi and Taiwan than other pro-vinces.Using Structure 2.2 software,the 280 indica rice landraces were classified into four groups,and the entries from geographically close provinces were clustered in the same group.Also,the Shaanxi and Taiwan landraces dispersed into different groups.The result from Popgen 32 showed that the 280 indica rice landraces went to four groups at the level of 0.27,with an obvious assembling trend in entries from geographically close origins.Clearly,the results from three methods were accordant and complementary although there were partial differences.In a general conclusion,the genetic structure of the 280 indica rice landraces were correlated with geographic characteristics.Landraces from the same province grouped together firstly in most cases,and those from adjacent provinces were further clustered into a big group.The indica rice landraces from Shaanxi and Taiwan seem to be concerned due to their relatively complicated genetic bases.