我国华东某县饮用水源地多氯联苯的检测与风险评价

Detection and Risk Assessment of PCBs from a Potable Water Source in a County in Eastern China

为研究我国农村饮用水源地中内分泌干扰物——多氯联苯对人体健康的影响,对华东某县的深层井水、浅层井水、地表沟塘水进行布点采样,采用SPE与GC-MS联用,定性定量分析水样中多氯联苯.结果表明:华东某县多氯联苯同系物中仅有五氯联苯检出,检出率为100%;在深层井水、浅层井水和地表沟塘水中ρ(五氯联苯)分别为0.51～82.99,0.51～44.16和1.78～34.36 ng/L,枯水期平均值高于丰水期;枯水期ρ(五氯联苯)最大,超标3.15倍;丰水期超标倍数最大的样品为地表沟塘水,ρ(五氯联苯)超标1.28倍,深层井水未超标.健康风险评估结果,华东某县饮用水源地中的五氯联苯致癌及非致癌风险均在可接受风险范围内,五氯联苯的风险平均值为地表沟塘水>浅层井水>深层井水,枯水期健康风险高于丰水期.

To study the influence of endocrine disrupter polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs） in a drinking water source in a rural area of China on human health,water samples were collected separately from deep wells,shallow wells,and surface ditches in a county in the Eastern China.The PCBs of the water samples were analyzed by using SPE and GC-MS combination.The results showed that only pentachlorobiphenyl was detected among the PCB homologs in the studied drinking water source.The detectable rate was 100%.The mass concentration ranges of pentachlorobiphenyl in deep wells,shallow wells and surface ditches were： 0.51-82.99 ng/L,0.51-44.16 ng/L and 1.78-34.36 ng/L,respectively.The mean concentration of pentachlorobiphenyl during the low water period was higher than that of the high flow period.The concentration of pentachlorobiphenyl during the low water period was the highest,and it exceeded the standard by 3.15 times.During the high flow period,the highest point derived from the surface ditch exceeded the standard by 1.28 times.The level of pentachlorobiphenyl of the deep well water did not exceed the standard.Health risk assessment results showed that the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of pentachlorobiphenyl were all within the acceptable risk range.The mean risk values of pentachlorobiphenyl ranked as surface ditch,shallow wells and deep wells.The health risk during the low water period was higher than the high flow period.