杨桃与荔枝根区土壤微生物群落磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)特征分析

Phospholipid Fatty Acid Analysis on the Soil Microbial Communities in the Root Zones of Averrhoa carambola Linn and Litchi chinensis Sonn

采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)方法,分析同一果园台湾软枝杨桃(20年树龄)和荔枝乌叶品种(15年树龄)根区土壤微生物群落结构。结果表明,从杨桃根区不同样品检测到25～32种微生物PLFAs,特有PLFAs为:i13:0,11:0 3OH,14:0 2OH;荔枝根区检测到23～40种微生物PLFAs,特有PLFAs为:16:0 3OH,i18:0,i12:0,12:1 AT11-12,a14:0。杨桃根区由PLFAs指示的土壤微生物多样性指数(Simpson)和特征脂肪酸16:0(细菌)、18:1ω9c(真菌)、10Me16:0(硫酸盐还原细菌)含量大小:距植株1.0 m土壤≈1.5 m土壤>0.5 m土壤;而荔枝根区Simpson指数和以上各种菌特征脂肪酸含量大小为:距植株1.0 m土壤>0.5 m土壤≈1.5 m土壤。脂肪酸10Me17:0(放线菌)和16:1ω5c(甲烷氧化菌)含量在杨桃根区无水平分布上的显著差异,而在荔枝根区则存在显著差异。

The soil microbial communities in the root zones of Averrhoa carambola Linn. cv. Taiwan soft-branch carambola and Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. Wuye, which had been growing for 20 and 15 years respectively in the same orchard, were analyzed using phospholipid fatty acids biomarkers（PLFAs） . The result revealed that, all soil samples of the carambola plantation were detected 25-32 PLFAs biomarkers, with the distinctive as i13：0, 11：0 3OH and 14：0 2OH. Soil samples of litchi plantation contained 23-40 PLFAs biomarkers, distinctively possessing PLFAs of 16：0 3OH, i18：0, i12：0, 12：1 AT 11-12 and a14：0. For the soil microbial communities of the carambola plantation, the simpson＇s diversity index and the quantities of PLFA 16：0 related to bacteria, 18：1co9c related to fungi and 10Mel6：0 related to sulfate-reducing bacteria were similar between the soils at 1.0 m and 1.5 m horizontally away from the base of tree stem, and significantly lower in the soil at 0.5 m horizontally away from the stem base. For the soil microbial communities of the litchi plantation, simpson＇s index and the quanities of PLFA 16：0, 18：1ω9c and 10Mel6：0 were similar between the soils at 0.5 m and 1.5 m horizontally away from the stem base, and significantly higher at the distance of 1.0 m to the stem base. The quantities each of PLFAs 10Mel7：0 related to actinomycete and 16：1ω5c related to methane-oxidizing bacteria were not significantly different among soil samples of the carambola plantation, but significantly differed among the soil samples of the litchi plantation, indicating the influence of plant species on the distribution of microbial PLFAs.