师法热带雨林自然群落,构建城市森林景观:以海口城市道路绿地为例

Simulating Tropical Natural Rainforest Communities and Constructing Urban Forest Landscape:a Case Study with Road Greenland in Haikou,Hainan Island

在城市园林景观设计中模拟地带性森林植被,使城市景观生态系统以及群落外貌近自然化,不仅可以提高城市园林的生态效益,降低养护管理费用,还可以打造具有地方特色的园林景观。本文在调查海口市城市道路绿地景观植物群落结构与组成的基础上,以景观生态学为指导原则,对如何营造兼具景观功能与生态效益的热带园林植物群落进行了探讨。认为海口市园林群落配置应以热带雨林自然群落的结构和演替为依据,以乡土树种为主、引种为辅,增加城市景观植物的多样性;力争做到"师法自然、高于自然",构建我国南方特色的热带滨海城市森林景观。

It is desirable to simulate nearby forest plant communities when designing urban landscapes. The practice will create a nature-like landscape to enhance ecological functions, low maintenance needs, and with unique local style. Guided by the principle of landscape ecology, we investigated both the structure and composition of plant community of the road greenland in Haikou and how to create tropical plant community was analyzed in this paper, with both landscape functions and ecological benefits. The result indicated that the planting design of urban landscape in Haikou should be based on the structure and succession process of tropical rain forests which is featured by native species in combination with introduction to increase the diversity of urban landscape plant, striving to achieve ＂ natural development and but surpass nature＂ and creating a tropical coastal urban forest landscape full of southern characteristics.