机械合金化制备铜碳合金增强铜-石墨复合材料

Preparation of Graphite-copper Composite by Mechanical Alloying

通过机械合金化制备Cu-5%C合金粉,并采用粉末冶金工艺制备铜碳合金增强铜-石墨复合材料即Cu-(Cu-5%C)-C,研究了制粉工艺和Cu-5%C合金粉对该复合材料显微组织及物理性能的影响。结果表明:随着球磨时间的增加,合金粉中铜的晶格常数先增大后减小,衍射峰强度不断降低,半高宽逐渐增大;球磨40h后合金粉中的石墨衍射峰消失,再经400℃退火3h则球磨产生的次生相Cu2O衍射峰消失,且石墨峰未复现。当石墨含量为4%,合金碳含量不超过1.5%时,Cu-(Cu-5%C)-C复合材料试样的电导率均达61%IACS以上;当合金碳含量为1.0%时,复合材料的屈服强度显著提高;当合金碳含量达到1.5%时,复合材料中的合金相严重分解,其增强效果大为减弱。

Cu-5 0/40 C alloy powder is prepared by mechanical alloying and copper-carbon alloy enforced copper -graphite composite,Cu-（Cu-5 % C）-C is prepared by powder metallurgy. Study is made of the power manu- facturing technology and the influence of Cu-Swt%C alloy powder on the physical performance and micro- structure of composites. The results show that with the ball milling time increases, the lattice constant of Cu goes up first then falls down, the diffraction peak strength of copper and graphite is decreased, while FWHM is gradually increased. After 40 h ball milling,the graphite peak disappears. Upon 3 h annealing at 400℃ the secondary phase Cu20 peaks disappear and the graphite peaks is not reproduced when the graph- ite content is 4% and carbon content in the alloy is ≤1.5% ,the electrical conductivity of Cu-（Cu-5%C）-C composite sample can be up to 61% IACS. And when carbon content in the alloy is 1. 0%, the yield strength of the composite is remarkably increased. When carbon content in the alloy is 1. 5%, the alloy phase in the composite is seriously decomposed, resulting in much lower enhancing effect.