从“援助有效性”到“发展有效性”:援助理念的演变及中国经验的作用

From "Aid Effectiveness" to "Development Effectiveness":the Aid Discourse Evolution and the Role of China's Experiences

2011年11月底12月初,经合组织发展援助委员会第四次高级别会议将在韩国釜山召开。此次会议预计将推出近一段时间以来围绕援助问题的国际反思和辩论的新成果,即从"援助有效性"过渡到"发展有效性"的国际援助新理念。从历史背景来看,金融危机的爆发、新兴发展"援助国"的出现以及西方传统援助国几十年来援助效果的差强人意等均推动了这一援助理念的转型。而拥有受援国和"援助国"双重身份的中国,不仅在过去的30年里成功管理和运用了外援来为自身的改革开放服务,在如何运用"巴黎宣言"五项原则方面积累了丰富的经验以及教训,而且在最近的10年里积极向其他发展中国家(特别是非洲国家)提供发展援助,并同时逐渐探索如何适应和融入全球援助体系。中国独特的双重身份、其积累的丰富经验和影响力,以及所具有的探索和分享的意愿将使中国未来在全球发展合作领域做出巨大的贡献。

The Fourth High Level forum on Aid Effectiveness （HLF4） will be held in Busan, Korea at the end of November and early December 2011. A new aid discourse, namely the theme shift from ＂aid effectiveness＂ to ＂development effectiveness＂ that has been an ongoing and heated global debate and a reflection about aid issue in recent period, is likely to be taken shape in Busan as well. In terms of historical global background sis, the donors） highligh , the paper gives the deep analysis about the financial criemergence of developing donors （ ＂South＂ or ＂new＂ donors, or call non - DAC and the poor results of the Western aid in the past decades. The paper also ts the role and contribution that China can make in this aid discourse evolution. By successful managing and utilizing foreign aid, China has accumulated tremendous experiences （ including lessons as well） in terms of almost all the five prin- ciples elaborated in Paris Declaration in the past three decades ＂reform and opening - up＂ period. In recent decade, China has been very actively providing aid to other developing countries, esp. in Africa and is gradually learning how to adapt itself in the global aid architecture. The paper argues that given China＇ s experiences, influences and willingness to share and learn in the area of development, China can make great contribution in the development cooperation in the new era.