汉语会话中零回指研究的语用认知模式

Zero Anaphora Resolution in Chinese Conversation: Toward a Pragma-cognitive Model

本文旨在根据关联理论和可及性理论，提出一个汉语会话交际中零回指的分析模式。以解读会话中的零回指现象。通过分析汉语会话中244个零回指例子，我们发现：（1）近距离语境的零回指出现率较高；（2）绝大多数零代词出现在主语位置；（3）零回指大多发生在无干扰性名词短语的语境，少数出现在含单一干扰性名词短语的语境；（4）零回指解读本质上是个即时的语用认知加工过程。总之，本文提出的模式可以很好地解释一般会话及长距离“反弹性”语境中的零回指现象。

This study is intended to formulate an analytic model in line with Relevance Theory and Accessibility Theory, with which to interpret zero anaphora （ZA） in Chinese conversation. Having analyzed 244 ZA patterns in Chinese conversation, we find that： （ 1 ） ZA more frequently occurs in short-distance context; （2） most of the zero pronouns come in the subject position; （3）ZA largely occurs in non-intervening-NP context and occasionally in one - intervening-NP context; （4） zero anapboric interpreting is basically an on-line pragma-cognitive processing. Overall,the model proposed in this study can well account for the ZA patterns in both normal conversation and long-distance ＂return pop＂ contexts.