地理国情监测的体系框架研究

A Study of Framework of National Geographical Condition Monitoring

通过对地理国情与地理国情监测的基本问题与关键问题进行系统分析和归纳,采用综合分析法、对比分析法和归纳法,初步提出地理国情监测的体系框架。结果表明:地理国情是国情体系的有机组成部分,它既来源于地理信息,同时也是对地理信息的扩展。其监测的对象包括自然环境要素、产业经济要素和社会人文要素等3个方面,监测的方法主要包括测绘方法、统计分析方法、评价预测方法和信息科学方法等。通过对地理国情信息进行采集与分析,最终形成相应的数据成果与管理制度成果。在地理国情监测过程中,应分类、分区、分层开展监测工作;突出监测的重点问题;建立统一的数据规范;完善地理国情监测的法律法规体系;强化监测成果的应用。

The purposes of this paper is to analyze and generalize the basic and the key problems of geographical national condition （GNC） and geographical national condition monitoring （GNCM）, then to provide a preliminary framework of GNCM by using comprehensive analytic approach, comparative analytic approach and inductive method. The study finds that GNC is an integral part of the national condition system, which is not only based on but also the expansion of the geographical information. The objects of GNCM include natural environmental elements, industrial economy elements, social and humane elements. The methods of GNCM include surveying, statistical analysis, evaluation and prediction, and information science. By collecting and analyzing the GNC information, data processing product and GNCM management system will be achieved. The paper concludes that some key points should be followed during the GNCM process： classifying the objects of GNCM by their categories, regions and hierarchies;highlighting the important factors during the monitor process;constructing a unified regulation of the data; improving the legislation and standard system of GNCM; strengthening the application of monitoring results.