婴幼儿家长常见症状防治认知情况调查

An investigation on the cognitive situation of common symptom for infant parents

目的:了解婴幼儿家长对常见症状防治知识的掌握情况及影响因素,调查其健康教育方式的需求,为实施针对性的健康教育提供科学依据。方法:采用自制问卷对960例门诊婴幼儿家长进行调查,分析家长常见症状认知总分及影响因素,并就不同文化程度组家长对12项婴幼儿常见症状防治知识的掌握情况及其所需的健康教育方式进行比较。结果:婴幼儿家长认知总分<30分的占83.12%,30～57分仅有16.88%。填表人年龄、与宝宝的关系、文化程度、职业不同,其认知总分有差异。认知总分的主要影响因素是文化程度、关系是否为父亲、是否是农民/外来务工人员,其中文化程度对认知总分影响最显著(b’=0.54)。不同文化程度组的家长对12项婴幼儿常见症状防治知识的掌握情况不同,高文化程度组的家长相关知识了解较好,两组健康教育方式需求也有显著性差异。结论:文化程度对婴幼儿家长常见症状防治认知的影响显著,应了解家长欠缺的知识内容,结合不同人群的个性化特点,以最适宜的宣教方式指导其科学育儿行为,促进婴幼儿的健康发展。

Objective： To understand the infant parents＇control cognitive situation of common symptom and the influence factors,investigate their needs of health education mode and provide scientific basis for implementing specific health education.Methods： By means of self-designed questionnaire,a survey was made with the infant parents of 960 at outpatient department,their cognitive scores of common symptom and influence factors were analyzed,and the scores and the health education mode for parents of different cultural levels were compared.Results： Among the surveyed infant parents,whose total score was under 30 accounted for 83.12%,between 30 to 57 only 16.88%.If the information age or relationships with the baby or cultural degree or professional was different,cognitive total score was different.Major effect factors were cultural degree,father relationship,farmers/migrant worker,cultural degree was the most important influence factor.The scores were different for parents of different cultural levels.For the high culture level,the scores were high.Conclusion：The effect of cultural degree to the cognitive situation of common symptom is remarkable.We should study what knowledge the parents are deficient combining their differ-ent characteristics,and adopt the most acceptable method to teach them to rear infant scientifically and ensure a healthy development of infant.