锡林郭勒盟地区沙尘暴起因的气候特征分析

Analysis on the Climatic Characteristics of Sand-dust Storm Cause in Xilin Gol League

通过对锡林郭勒盟12个站50a(1960—2009年)的降水量、蒸发量、平均气温、沙尘暴日数的年际变化分析,得出锡盟地区的气温变化趋势与全球变暖的气候趋势一致,呈波动上升。20世纪60年代前期的连续干旱,导致了锡林郭勒草原1966年成为沙尘暴发生最多的年份,出现了20世纪60、70年代的沙尘暴高发期。进入21世纪,锡林郭勒草原又经历了1999—2002年连续4年的严重干旱,出现了2001—2002连续两年的沙尘暴高发期,强沙尘暴的发生频率明显高于往年。而沙尘暴的频繁发生又会造成草地植被稀疏、土壤沙化严重,使得农牧业生产严重受损。

The climate variation trend of Xilin Gol league was same with global warming by means of annual variation analysis of precipitation,evaporation capacity,mean temperature,sand-dust storm days of 12 weather meteorological stations from 1960 to 2009 years in Xilin Gol league,and the trend was ascending.The continuous drought in early days of 60 years of 20 century leaded to that the sand-dust storm is the most in 1966.the continuous drought for four years from 1999 to 2002 years,the high incidence season from 2001 to 2002 years appeared,the frequency of strong sand-dust was higher than former years.