聚合膜电解浓集法测量低水平氚环境水样的氚比活度

Application of the Solid Polymer Electrolysis Enrichment Method for Low Level Tritium in Environmental Water and the Calculation of Tritium Specific Activity

随着氚同位素电解浓集技术和测量仪器的发展,对低水平的氚比活度可以进行准确测量,但由于现行的氚处理方法的差异,导致氚比活度测定的不确定性增加。本文采用现行的两种氚比活度测量方法碱式电解浓集法和聚合膜电解浓集法测量低水平环境水样的氚比活度,并将结果进行比对。针对聚合膜电解法,通过使用优化结构的装置提高可靠性;对于使用国家标准方法计算出现较大误差的情况下,在氚水回收率的计算数据处理方面提出了死体积的概念,改善了聚合膜电解法测量低水平氚样品的稳定性,使氚比活度的计算结果更加精确。

By using the solid polymer electrolysis（SPE） enrichment method and measuring instrument,it is possible to obtain accurate measurements of tritium specific activity for low level tritium sample.However,the differences between current treatment methods for tritium increase uncertainty of the tritium concentrations.In this paper,the methods of SPE electrolysis and alkali electrolysis enrichment（ASE） are used to compare the research results of tritium specific activity for low level environmental water.The reliability of the SPE electrolysis method was improved by using structure optimized apparatus.In order to avoid large uncertainties calculated by the national standard method,the conception of dead volume was introduced into the data processing of the recovery rate for tritium,which improved the stability of the SPE electrolysis method and accuracy of the calculation result.