水中亚铁对大菱鲆幼鱼红细胞核异常及碱性磷酸酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

EFFECTS OF WATERBORNE Fe(Ⅱ) ON MICRONUCLEUS AND NUCLEUS ANOMALY OF ERYTHROCYTE AND ACTIVITIES OF AKP AND SOD IN JUVENILE TURBOT(SCOPHTHALMUS MAXIMUS)

本文比较研究了Fe(II)浓度为0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1、2mg/L及不同处理时间下大菱鲆幼鱼(Scophthalmus maximus)外周血红细胞核异常以及碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活力的变化。结果表明,在整个实验期间,0.01mg/L处理组的核异常细胞率及总核异常率均无明显变化。但0.05mg/L的Fe(II)可以引起大菱鲆血液红细胞中出现微核、核质外凸、核质内凹、双核等损伤,这种损伤表现出一定的时间累积效应。在0.1mg/L及较高浓度组中,也都观察到核异常现象:处理1天时,2mg/L组大菱鲆红细胞的核异常率及总核异常率明显增高(P<0.05)。处理14d、28d时,核异常细胞率、总核异常率则随着水中Fe(II)浓度的升高先上升、后下降、再上升。AKP和SOD活力检测显示,第1天时,各处理组的AKP活性与空白对照组及抗坏血酸对照组之间没有显著差异,SOD活力则随着Fe(II)浓度的增加先上升、后下降。到第14天时,1mg/L组和0.5mg/L 2个较高Fe(II)浓度的处理组的AKP活力显著高于空白对照组,但各处理组SOD活力与2个对照组之间差异不显著。第28天,各组的AKP活力随Fe(II)浓度的升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势,各组之间的SOD活力差异依然不显著,但总体上也表现出先升后降的趋势。本文结果有助于评估水中Fe(II)对大菱鲆幼鱼的毒性作用,并为养殖水体中Fe(II)安全浓度的确定提供依据。

Groundwater is widely used in the turbot and other fish culture,in which the concentration of Fe（Ⅱ） could be higher under anoxic environment.In this study,nucleus anomaly in erythrocytes and AKP,SOD activities in serum of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus were studied when juvenile turbot was exposed to 0.01 mg l-1,0.05 mg l-1,0.1 mg l-1,0.5 mg l-1,1 mg l-1,and 2mg l-1 waterborne Fe（Ⅱ）.The results showed that the frequencies of micronucleus and nucleus anomaly between the 0.01 mg/L and control groups were not significantly different during the experiment period,and there were no significant differences of the micronucleus frequencies among all the groups.But,micronucleus and nucleus anomaly in erythrocytes of juvenile turbot could be observed when exposed to 0.05mg/L waterborne Fe（Ⅱ）.These phenomena also appeared in the groups of higher waterborne Fe（Ⅱ） concentration.On day 1,no significant difference was observed among the serum AKP activities of turbot in all the groups.The serum SOD activities in the 2mg/L groups were significant lower than which in the blank and ascorbic acid control groups（P0.05）.On day 14,the serum AKP activities in the 0.5mg/L and 1mg/L groups were significant higher than which in the blank control groups（P0.05）.The serum SOD activities in all the experiment groups were not significant different from which in the two control groups.On day 28,the serum AKP and SOD activities showed a dosage-effect curve.The results could help to define the safe concentration of ferrous in turbot culture.