基于中国铅锌矿资源特点的铅锌环境释放通量估算(英文)

Estimation of lead and zinc emissions from mineral exploitation based on characteristics of lead/zinc deposits in China

有色矿业活动是重金属释放进入环境的重要来源,而中国是世界上重要的铅、锌生产和消费大国之一。估算中国铅、锌矿产资源开发活动中铅、锌的累计采出量和环境释放通量。截至2007年底,在中国大陆铅、锌累计采出量分别为6.69和12.59Mt。通过铅锌矿采矿、选矿和冶炼3种方式进入周围环境的铅、锌通量分别为1.62和3.32Mt,分别占铅、锌累计采出量的24.39%和26.36%。在上述3种矿业活动方式中,选矿活动对铅、锌的环境释放通量贡献最大,分别占50.67%和45.51%。

Nonferrous mining activities are some of the largest sources of heavy metals emissions into the environment and China is one of the largest producers and consumers of lead and zinc in the world.The cumulative productions and emissions of lead and zinc from mining-related activities in China were estimated.Up to 2007,the cumulative productions of lead and zinc in China were estimated to be about 6.69 and 12.59 Mt,respectively;and about 1.62 Mt lead and 3.32 Mt zinc emitted into the ambient environment during the mining,processing and smelting activities,representing 24.39% and 26.36% cumulative production,respectively.Among these three types of mining-related activities,mineral processing contributes the most to the total emission of 50.67% lead and 45.51% zinc.