心理弹性训练对水面舰艇军人正/负性情绪和心率变异性的影响

Impact of resilience training on positive/negative emotions and heart rate variability in surface ship soldiers with different resilience

目的研究不同心理弹性水面舰艇军人正、负性情绪和心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)的特点及心理弹性训练的影响。方法采用成人心理弹性量表(RSA)对某舰艇部队185名军人进行整体评估,根据心理弹性得分结合结构式面谈,选取高心理弹性组(n=11)和低心理弹性组(n=11)共22例,全部为男性。2组被试的年龄、军龄、职务和文化程度均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。在心理弹性训练前、后分别采用正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)和EmWavePC1.06专业机对被试进行心理评估和HRV测量。根据心理弹性理论及构成要素设计10次团体训练的内容,每周1次、每次2 h,训练成员的自我意识、情绪管理、人际沟通、问题解决和社会支持等能力。结果①心理弹性高分组在RSA总均分和正性情绪得分显著高于心理弹性低分组(P<0.05,P<0.01),而在负性情绪、HRV的VLF、LF、HF和HF/LF比值无统计学差异(P>0.05);②与前测结果相比,训练结束后,心理弹性低分组的RSA和正性情绪得分显著提高(P<0.01),而负性情绪得分无统计学差异(P>0.05);高分组的RSA和PANAS得分无统计学差异(P>0.05)。高、低分组在后测RSA和PANAS得分无统计学差异(P>0.05);③与前测结果相比,训练结束后,高分组HRV的LF和HF/LF比值、低分组的HF/LF比值显著提高(P<0.05,P<0.01);而高分组的VLF和HF、低分组的VLF和LF及HF无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论心理弹性训练能显著提高心理弹性低分组RSA总分、增加正性情绪及迷走神经和交感神经的动态平衡;对心理弹性高分组的HRV也有积极的作用。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of positive/negative emotions and heart rate variability（HRV） in surface ship soldiers with different resilience and to determine the impact of resilience training on them.Methods Structured interviews were used to assess the military forces of a surface ship,and a total of 85 males were recruited.Resilience Scale for Adults（RSA） was conducted on all cluster sampling.Higher（n=11） and lower resilience group（n=11） of 22 people were selected.There were not significant differences in the subjects age,military service,job and education level between the two groups（P0.05）.Positive/negative emotions scale（PANAS） and HRV（EmWavePC1.06 professional machines were used to record and analyze） were measured before and after resilience training.According to the theory of resilience and its psychological elements,the resilience training included 10 times,one time every week（about 2 h）,to train members self-awareness,emotion management,interpersonal communication,problem solving and social support capabilities.Results The total mean score of resilience and the total average positive emotion score was significantly higher in the higher resilience group than in the lower resilience group（P0.05,P0.01）,while there was no significant difference in negative emotions,HRV of the VLF,LF,HF and HF/LF ratio between two groups（P0.05）;Compared with the before-training results,resilience and positive emotion scores were improved significantly in the lower resilience group after training（P0.01）,while there was no significant difference in negative emotion score（P0.05）.There existed no statistically difference in RSA and PANAS scores of higher group（P0.05）.There was no statistically difference in the RSA and PANAS scores in the high and low resilience groups after training（P0.05）.Compared with before-training results,HRV of the LF and HF/LF ratio in the higher resilience group,and HF/LF ratio in the lower resilience group were significantly increased after training（P0.05,P0.01）.While there was no significant difference in VLF and HF in the higher resilience group,and VLF,LF and HF in the lower resilience group（P0.05）.Conclusion Resilience training significantly improves positive emotion,and keeps the vagus nerve and sympathetic dynamic balance for people with lower resilience.Heart rate variability is positively affected for people with higher resilience after resilience training.