论日语自他动词的非对应性现象

On the Inconsistency of Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Japanese

日语自他动词间存在着各种对应性,这种特点有助于词汇的记忆、词义的理解和句式的掌握,但自他动词并非总是单一的对应关系,在词形、数量、词性、词义、构词等方面呈现出复杂的非对应性现象,影响到自他动词的语法化转换、复合动词的词性认知以及サ变动词的词性界定等关联用法上的理解和应用。

In Japanese,there are various consistencies in transitive and intransitive verbs.Such features help to memorize vocabularies,understand semantic meaning and master sentence structure.But transitive verbs and intransitive ones are not always corresponding as one-to-one.They often appear complicated non-corresponding phenomena,such as word form,number,gender,meaning,word-building,etc.which affect understanding and applying the association usage of grammatical exchange of verbs,the gender of the compound verbs and defining the part of speech of sa-hen verbs.