基因活化基质材料促进自体前交叉韧带移植物愈合的组织学观察

Histological study of enhancing the healing of anterior cruciate ligament autogenous graft with gene activated matrix materials

背景:基因活化基质是将生物材料与质粒DNA相结合,形成一个基因局部释放系统。目的:观察基因活化基质材料应用于前交叉韧带损伤后移植物愈合过程中的组织学形态变化,比较其胶原表达情况和细胞超显微结构的差异性。方法:制备新西兰大白兔膝关节前交叉韧带重建模型后分为2组,实验组在半腱肌移植物固定重建前交叉韧带后,给予转化生长因子β1和脂质体制备的基因活化基质材料,对照组同样处理后给予空载体。结果与结论:光学显微镜下见各时期对照组成纤维细胞数量较少且胶原纤维排列紊乱,实验组成纤维细胞数量较多,胶原纤维成分增多,形状粗大且排列较规则,接近正常组织结构。电镜下见各时期实验组细胞内微结构较对照组有丝分裂活跃,出现代谢旺盛的成纤维细胞,纤维间隙内有较多基质成分,胞质中可见较为丰富的内质网和线粒体。提示转化生长因子对韧带的愈合有促进作用。

BACKGROUND： The basic concept of gene activated matrix （GAM） is a complex of biological materials and DNA plasmids to form a local gene delivery system. OBJECTIVE： To learn the histological changes of rabbit anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model treated with GAM materials, and to determine the difference in collagen express and miscrostrcture observation. METHODS： Forty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups： experiment group and control group. The rabbit anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model was established according to the previous method. In the experimental group, transforming growth factor β1 was locally injected in the bone tunnel but in the control group the wound was injected with blank plasmids. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： By light miscroscopy the number of fibroblasts in the control group was less than that in the experimental group, and the fibers arranged irregularly at different periods. In the experimental group, the number and appearance of fibroblasts were similar to normal strcture. There were more fibroblasts and collagens which became larger and arranged regularly. By electron miscroscopy we found the karyokinesis of cell miscrostructure was more active and some fibroblasts had a vibrant metabolism in the experimental group. There were plenty of endoplasm and mitochondria in cytoplast and more extracellularmatrix was filled in fibers. The findings indicate that transforming growth factor β1 can enhance the healing of reconstrctured ligament.