人脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠创伤性脑损伤

Human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for rat traumatic brain injury

背景:脐带间充质干细胞体内移植治疗脑损伤的效果目前尚较少见报道。目的:观察人脐带间充质干细胞移植对大鼠液压冲击脑损伤的治疗作用。方法:从新生儿脐带中分离、培养间充质干细胞。制作中度打击大鼠脑损伤模型。实验分为4组:①脐带间充质干细胞移植组:损伤后原位移植脐带间充质干细胞。②对照组:损伤后原位注射等量DMEN/F12培养基。③单纯损伤组:仅施行损伤。④假损伤组:仅切开头皮及颅骨,不实施机械性损伤。结果与结论:脐带间充质干细胞移植后1～3周,动物神经功能评分较对照组明显改善;4周后,各组动物神经功能评分均恢复正常。免疫组织化学检测表明少部分移植细胞表达神经元特异性烯醇化酶,胶质纤维酸性蛋白。与对照组相比,移植组损伤区血管内皮生长因子表达明显增加,凋亡细胞减少。提示脐带充间质干细胞脑内移植有助于促进创伤性脑损伤后的早期功能恢复,这种治疗效果是通过刺激宿主细胞分泌血管内皮生长因子,增加损伤区微血管密度,抑制宿主细胞凋亡等实现的。

BACKGROUND：There are rare reports about umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells（UCMSCs） transplantation in the treatment of brain injury.OBJECTIVE：To investigate the effects and mechanism of UCMSCs transplantation on the repair of rat brain fluid percussion injury.METHODS：UCMSCs were separated from new-born umbilical cord and cultured in vitro,labeled with BrdU,and transplanted into rat brain 24 hours after fluid percussion injury.There were four groups：UCMSCs transplantation group,in situ UCMSCs transplantation;control group,injected with the same volume of DMEN/F12 medium;model group,without treatment;sham-injury group,no fluid percussion injury was made.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Significant recovery of behavior was found in UCMSCs-treated rats at 1-3 weeks after transplantation.Immunohistochemical analysis showed that a small number of transplanted cells expressed neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein.Compared with the control group,the expression of vascular endothelial growth factors increased in the injured region and the number of apoptotic cells decreased in the UCMSCs transplantation group.These findings show that UCMSCs transplantation can promote the early function recovery following brain fluid percussion injury through stimulating the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factors,increasing the number of microvessels in the injured region,and inhibiting cell apoptosis.