骨结构的重建理念

The reconstruction principle of bone structure

背景:在骨折治疗原则上,主要体现在从生物学和机械力学两方面进行骨结构重建,把生物固定与机械固定,髓内固定与髓外固定相结合。目的:介绍骨折治疗、骨结构重建理念的发展历程和研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI:2006-01/2011-05)、Pubmed数据库和Medline database(2006-01/2011-05)数据库有关骨结构的重建理念的文章,检索词分别为"骨结构,重建,理念"和"bone structure,rebuild,principle",语言分别设定为中文和英文。结果与结论:共收集30篇有关骨结构的重建理念的文章,排除重复或类似的同一研究,14篇符合综述要求。骨折的治疗理念已经由机械力学固定体系逐渐转向生物学固定体系。骨折治疗必须着重于寻求骨折稳固和软组织完整之间的一种平衡,植入物和器械设计明显改善。近年来,又出现了数字化虚拟人体技术、生物力学有限元理论、创伤控制论、骨质疏松的药理学研究、用组织工程学理论和技术修复创伤缺损等。总的来说,骨结构重建的理念就是患者为中心,在宏观与微观的层次上选择骨折治疗最合理的方法,引导和促进骨的愈合、功能恢复。

BACKGROUND：In principle,fracture treatment mainly focuses on bone remodeling from the biological and mechanical aspects to combine mechanical fixation with biological fixation as well as combine intramedullary fixation with extramedullary fixation.OBJECTIVE：To introduce the principle development of fracture treatment and bone remodeling.METHODS：A computer-based search of CNKI（2006-01/2011-05） and PubMed（2006-01/2011-05） for bone remodeling articles using the keywords of ＂bone structure,rebuild,principle＂ in Chinese and English,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：In 30 collected articles,14 were included in result analysis.The treatment concept of fractures has been gradually changed from mechanical fixation system to biological fixation system.Fracture treatment research focuses on the balance between stable fixation and intact soft tissues,and the design of implants and instruments is significantly improved.In recent years,there are digitized virtual human technology,bio-mechanics finite element theory,trauma-control theory,pharmacological research for osteoporosis,and tissue engineering theory and technique to repair defects.In general,the concept of bone remodeling is to choose a most reasonable patient-centered way to guide and promote bone healing and functional recovery at the macro-and micro-level.