种衣剂对免耕直播油菜幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Seed-coating Agent on Seedling Growth of No-tillage and Direct-seeding Rape

为探明种衣剂对免耕直播油菜幼苗生长、苗体酶活性及氮、磷、钾、硼等含量的影响,用丸化型种衣剂WHY-11和薄膜型种衣剂YCY-11分别包衣杂交油菜和常规油菜种子,进行免耕直播栽培试验。结果表明,与对照相比,丸化型种衣剂和薄膜型种衣剂包衣处理后,油菜防控病虫害的能力分别提高了32.73%～79.44%和10.91%～70.61%,油菜幼苗茎粗分别提高了7.96%～11.54%和3.45%～6.90%,叶面积分别提高4.21%～38.31%和20.56%～21.08%,鲜重分别提高了11.84%～46.86%和18.80%～25.83%;而高脚苗率分别降低了5.66%～10.23%和15.11%～18.90%;苗体氮、磷、钾、硼含量分别提高了7.44%～19.22%和0.95%～5.52%,2.0%～2.8%和18.74%～38.83%,3.57%～4.49%和2.85%～4.30%,7.82%～9.07%和9.05%～10.72%;苗体内过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分别提高了17.64%～44.56%和27.61%～33.05%,85.54%～86.46%和19.62%～66.56%,8.46%～19.35%和14.99%～27.73%。表明2种种衣剂具有促进油菜幼苗生长、增强抗逆性、提高苗素质等作用,其作用程度在杂交品种和常规品种间存在一定差异;丸化型种衣剂的综合作用效果优于薄膜型种衣剂。

To explore the effects of seed-coating agents on seedling growth,some enzyme activities and contents of nitrogen（N）,phosphorus（P）,potassium（K） and boron（B） of rape under the conditions of no-tillage and direct-seeding,experiments were conducted by using no-tillage and direct-seeding cultivation with hybrid and conventional rape seeds coated with seed pelleting agent WHY-11 and seed filming agent YCY-11,respectively.Results showed that the prevention rates to main diseases and insect pests during seedlings of coating treatment rapes with WHY-11 and WHY-11 increased by 32.73%-79.44% and 10.91%-70.61%,compared with uncoated controls,respectively.The cauline basilar width increased by 7.96%-11.54% and 3.45%-6.90%;The leaf area increased by 4.21%-38.31% and 20.56%-21.08%;The fresh weight increased by 11.84%-46.86% and18.80%-25.83% ;The rate of high hypocotylar seedling decreased by 5.66%-10.23% and 15.11%-18.90% ;The contents of N,P,K and B increased by 7.44%-19.22% and 0.95%-5.52%,2.0%-2.8% and 18.74%-38.83%,3.57%-4.49% and 2.85%-4.30%,7.82%-9.07% and 9.05%-10.72%,respectively;The activities of peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT） and superoxide dismutase（SOD） increased by 17.64%-44.56% and 27.61%-33.05%,85.54%-86.46% and 19.62%-66.56%,8.46%-19.35% and 14.99%-27.73%,respectively.Those results showed that two seed-coating agents not only could promote seedling growth,increase seedling resistance to adverse environments,but also could enhance seedling qualities of no-tillage and direct-seeding rapes.These effects,however,were different on hybrid and conventional rapes.The general effects of seed pelleting agent were better than those of seed filming agent.