棉花留叶枝生物学机理及对产量的影响

Biological Mechanism of Leafy Shoot of Cotton and 1ts Contribution to Yield

根据1995～1998 年对留叶枝棉的研究结果,棉花留叶枝对产量影响较大,留叶枝棉4 年6 点平均增产皮棉108Kg·hm - 2 ,增长8.02% ,叶技对产量的贡献率最大可达31.09% ,平均为27.2% 。靠近主茎第一果枝以下1～3 个叶枝,其上的果枝,果节多,结铃多,为强优势叶枝。留叶枝棉生物学机理表现为前中期最适最大叶面积扩展期长和峰值高,光合产物生产积累多,向生殖器官转运量大,促进了棉花生长发育,现蕾、开花、结铃强度提高等。

Researches and demonstration trial had been taken on cotton with leafy shoots from 1995～1998.It was found that yield of cotton with leafy shoots increased by 108kg·hm-2,or 8.02% in average of six sites during 4 years. The contribution rates of leafy shoots were from 23.3% to 31.09%,with average of 27.2%. One to three leafy shoots below the trait shoot in main stem were considered as superiority shoots. The biological mechanism of leafy shoots showed that optimum and maximum leaf areas kept longer period with high peak value in early medium growth stage ,as well as strong photosynthate accumulation and more translocation to reproductive organs. As a result, the growth of cotton plants was promoted, and the performances of square appearing, flowering and boll formation were improved.