区域性覆盖椭圆轨道卫星通信系统星座设计

Constellation design using elliptic orbits for regional coverage satellite communication system

由于运行于椭圆轨道上的卫星在其远地点附近有较长的停留时间，如果选择轨道远地点位于覆盖区域上空，则采用椭圆轨道卫星星座以进行区域性覆盖以取得很好的覆盖效果． 基于这一设计思想，提出了一种覆盖中国区域的椭圆轨道卫星星座的设计方法，利用覆盖区域的外接圆作为设计参数，通过分析和计算给出了一组轨道周期为６ ｈ 的椭圆轨道卫星星座参数． 同时针对该星座对中国主要城市的覆盖特性的分析证明了该椭圆轨道卫星星座的覆盖效果优良．

Satellite in elliptic orbit has a low velocity near apogee and will flight over a particular geographical area for a substantial part of its orbital period (″apogee dwell″) . So constellations using elliptic orbits will be of goodcoverage properties for continuous regional coverage. Based on this thought, a design method of constellation of elliptic orbits which covers China continuously is put forward in this paper. The circumcircle of the coverage area is mainly used to accomplish the design. A constellation whose period is 6 hours is obtained. At the same time, the analysis of the coverage properties of this constellation to the main cities of China is made, and the results shows that it is a fairly good constellation.