高灵敏度焦磷酸测序平台的建立及应用研究

Development and applications of highly sensitive pyrosequencing platforms

焦测序技术是一种基于生物发光法测定焦磷酸盐的测序技术,在进行DNA序列分析时不需要电泳和荧光标记,定量性能好,结果准确,可实现自动化。但其应用过程中存在3个技术瓶颈:一是测序试剂灵敏度低、成本高;二是测定仪器价格昂贵;三是测序模板制备过程繁琐。本课题组针对这些技术瓶颈,提出了一整套解决方案,包括高灵敏度焦测序反应试剂的研制、小型便携式焦测序仪的研制、测序模板的制备方法研究等。建立的高灵敏度微型化焦测序平台在分子诊断的各个领域得到了充分的应用,如细菌病毒转基因成分等的序列测定、单核苷酸多态性测定、拷贝数变异测定、基因突变位点测定、microRNA测定、基因表达量测定和药物基因组学研究,具有测序灵敏度高、仪器体积小、成本低、操作简便快速等优点,应用前景广阔。本文详细介绍了本课题组在提高焦磷酸测序反应灵敏度、简化测序过程、改进测序仪器和拓展焦磷酸测序应用范畴所做的系列创新性工作。

Pyrosequencing is a real-time DNA sequencing technology based on pyrophosphate（PPi） detection without the need of electrophoresis and fluorescence labeling.It is characterized by high-quantitative performance,accurate analysis and easy automation.The bottlenecks in its application include：low sensitivity and high cost of reagents,expensive instrumentation,and tedious process in the preparation of sequencing template.Recently,we developed a set of methods to solve the bottlenecks in pyrosequencing,including highly sensitive sequencing reagents,a portable instrument,and a simple way for preparing sequencing template.These methods have been successfully applied in molecular diagnosis,such as the sequence verification of bacteria,virus and genetically modified transgenic organisms,the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms,copy number variation,gene mutations,and the quantification of microRNA and mRNA,and in pharmacogenomic studies.The results indicated that the platform has the advantages of high sensitivity,small size of instrument,low cost and simple operation.This paper describes our main contributions in pyrosequencing technology and novel applications of the pyrosequencing platforms in genetic analysis.