基于TM遥感技术的永定河生态系统服务价值评估模型及应用

Evaluation Model and Application of Ecosystem Service Valua Based on TM Remote Sensing in Yongding River

针对常规生态服务价值评估方法时间长、工作量大、成本高和当量精度低的问题,永定河生态系统服务价值时空动态分析突破了传统静态评估方法。将GIS技术与因子当量表法相结合,测算出针对永定河河流生态系统的因子当量表和单位面积生态服务价值表,通过线性优化模型计算不同情景下各类土地利用类型面积,以期为生态修复目标提供直接的定量化参考依据。测算永定河北京段总当量为124.91,每当量单位面积生态服务价值基准为2 001.54万元/km2。林地、草地、耕地、水面和其他土地利用类型单位面积生态服务价值依次为28 824.7、2 954.3、1 808.5、215 906.3和565.8万元/km2,其中水生态系统文化娱乐服务功能单位面积服务价值最大,为161 735.1万元/km2。据此,建立了只需遥感影像数据即可快速精准地动态计算区域生态系统服务价值的多元一次回归模型,与基于实地调查法的永定河历史评估结果进行比较,平均偏差为4.54%。利用线性规划方法计算出研究区域生态系统服务价值最大值为2 212亿元,最小值为513亿元;当永定河水面面积最大时,生态系统服务价值为2 212亿元,水面面积最小时生态系统服务价值为976亿元,大于未经优化配置时的432亿元。

To improvement the disadvantage of traditional static evaluation, including long period work, mass amount of work, high price and low precision, this literature value Yongding river ecosystem services dynamically. By correlating GIS and equivalent weight factor, it calculated ecosystem services value unit area of Yongding River and the ecosystem services value. The model is aimed to provide quantificational evidence for ecosystem restoration. The total equivalent weight factor is 124.91, and the unit value is 2001.54 ×10^4 yuan/km2. The unit value per area of forest, meadow, farmland, water and other ecosystem is 28824.7 ×10^4, 2954.3 ×10^4, 1808.5 ×10^4, 215906.3 ×10^4 and 565.8 ×10^4 yuan/km2 separately. The highest unit price is entertainmental services of water e- cosystem which equals to 161735.1 ×10^4 yuan/km2. According to these parameter, it is estahlished multi linear equation to calculate the ecosystem services which is compared with the historical investigation value and the average relative deference is 4.54%. Further more, it is established multi regression equation, which caculates the highest value is 2212 ×10^8 yuan and the lowest is 513 ×10^8 yuan. With the the biggest water area, the value equals to 2212 ×10^8 yuan, and 976 ×10^8 yuan with the smallest water area correspondingly.