文化产品贸易的同质化效应与发展中国家的角色

Homogenization Effects of International Cultural Products Trade and Role of Developing Country

观察文化产品的贸易量数据可以发现,许多发展中国家成为文化产品贸易的受益者,但是贸易量并不能决定发展中国家的贸易地位。通过使用随机指数图模型(ERGM)计量全球文化产品贸易的专业化与同质化效应,并研究发展中国家的贸易角色,我们得出截然不同的结论:互惠效应与同质化效应是全球文化产品贸易的重要特征,发达国家是维系这种贸易关系的核心力量,而发展中国家扮演着从属和被动的贸易角色。如果发展中国家试图改善自身的贸易地位,它们就必须扩大自身文化的国际影响力,以便建立更有利于保护文化多样性的贸易体系。

In contrast to the seeming evidence of international trade flows increase in cultural goods,developing countries are still excluded from trade core benefit,in part,because of their role in trade effects.Using Exponential Random Graph Models,this paper researches the homogenization and specialization effects of international cultural products trade,especially,the role developing countries play in world multilateral trade system.The authors find that developed countries build a trade network full of reciprocity and homogenization.In this trade network,developing countries play a secondary role.If developing countries want to reshape the structure of trade and build a balance between trade growth and cultural expressions diversity,they must enhance cultural influence in the world.