中国美学:从形态出发还是从主义出发

Chinese Aesthetics Research:Start from Aesthetic Doctrone or Aesthetic Formation

当代中国存在着美学的美学、主义的美学和形态的美学三种模式。美学的美学大都属于缺乏思想的泛泛之论和名分之争。主义的美学因其步西方美学的后尘而脱离中国审美实际的假、大、空,尤其是其用西方的现代主义和后现代主义切割中国美学和中国审美现象的做法,使得主义越多,距离现实越远,越发混乱。西方的主义已经无法继续作为中国美学立于世界美学之林的出发点。相反,来自对中国传统的、具有识别意义的审美形态的研究,却是中国美学研究真正可靠的出发点。中西在审美形态上存在着很多差异,各有特点,而且往往中国有的审美形态为西方所无。因此,从形态而非主义出发,中国人研究中国美学就不至于跟着西方人走而构造一些不切实际的审美主义的空架子。同样,如果西方人研究中国美学也能做到从中国审美形态出发,那么也就不至于忽视中国美学的存在,从而真正体现世界美学的多样性。从形态出发而非从主义出发研究中国美学,体现了马克思主义美学的方法论。

There are three kinds models of aesthetics in contemporary China. One is nominal aesthetics, another is aesthetics with doctrine ＂-ism＂, the third is aesthetics on morphology. Because of its step of Western ＂ism＂ aesthetics footsteps and separated from the Chinese aesthetic practical the Chinese ＂-ism＂ aesthetics leaves the air, makes distance farther from the reality, and brings more confusion. Western ＂-ism＂ can＇t continue be Chinese aesthetics＇ starting point. In contrast, the research on Chinese traditional aesthetic formation with the identity will be reliable starting point of contemporary Chinese aesthetics. From morphology other than ＂-ism＂, Chinese studies of Chinese aesthetics will not follow the Western way to construct some unrealistic aestheticism. Similarly, if the Western research Chinese aesthetics can do from the Chinese aesthetic formation of starting, so also do not ignore the existence of Chinese aesthetics, which will truly reflect the diversity of world aesthetics. Starting from the formation rather than from the ＂-ism＂ is Marxism＇s aesthetics methodology.