烤烟腺毛发育的形态学研究

Study on the Developmental Morphology of Glandular Hairs of Flue-cured Tobacco

通过光学显微镜对烤烟叶片腺毛生长发育过程中的形态学特征进行了观察,结果表明,烤烟腺毛(长柄腺毛和短柄腺毛)起源于叶原基或幼叶上的原表皮细胞,该细胞进行垂直于叶表面方向的突出生长,径向加宽,形成原生质浓厚的腺毛原始细胞。腺毛原始细胞随之进行一系列的平周分裂和垂周分裂,形成腺毛的基部、柄和头部,最终发育为各种稳定的腺毛类型。腺毛原始细胞并没有发育成为长柄腺毛和短柄腺毛的分别,两类腺毛的分化是在形成腺毛头部的最初阶段,不均等的平周分裂使短柄腺毛向叶表面弯曲。长柄腺毛发育较早,在烤烟叶片的各个时期均普遍存在,在采收期可观察到其分泌活动也处于高峰期,是对烤烟品质影响较大的优势腺毛。在两种腺毛中都观察到细胞间隙的存在,可能是分泌产物的临时储存场所。

Morphological characteristics of glandular hairs of flue-cured tobacco in the process of growth and development was investigated by optical microscope;and the results showed that glandular hairs of flue-cured tobacco,including long trichomes and short ones,originated from protoderm cell on the leaf primordium and young leaf,which formed initial glandular cell with dense cytoplasm by outgrowing vertically on leaf surface,increasing radial width.Subsequently,the initial glandular cells began a series of periclinal and anticlinal division split,forming the base of glandular hairs,stem and head,and ultimately develop into various of stable glandular hair types.There was no differentiated difference between the long trichome and short one of the initial glandular cells.Two types of glandular differentiation in the initial stages of the formation of glandular head,unequal periclinal splitting made the short glandular hairs bend to leaf surface.Long trichomes developed more early and existed in all the development stages of flue-cured tobacco leaf.The secretory activity of long trichomes reached a fastigium in picking time,which contributed them to be dominant hairs that had more effect on the quality of flue-cured tobacco.Intercellular space was observed in both kinds of glandular hairs cell,it should be temporary storage place of secretion products.