水资源保护与纳污总量控制

Water environmental protection and total amount control of pollutants

在讨论水资源保护的总体思路和技术路线的基础上,阐述了水资源保护规划中水功能区划分、水功能区纳污能力及污染物入河控制量核算等几个关键技术问题。在开展水功能区划分时,应充分考虑水体的自然状况和经济社会发展情况,合理划分水功能区,并确定其使用功能及水环境质量目标。水体纳污能力核算应根据不同水功能区类型及其水环境质量现状采用不同的方法开展。采用数值模型核算水功能区纳污能力时,应根据水体状况,选择合理的模型方法及相关参数。在实际工作中,应根据水功能区纳污能力和污染物入河量,综合考虑水功能区水质状况、当地技术经济条件和经济社会发展,核定不同规划水平年的污染物入河控制量。

This paper presented several technical issues about water functional zoning, and the calculation of pollutant beating capacity of water functional zone as well as the cap of pollutant load to the rivers. For water functional zoning, the natural water condition and socio-economic development situation should be taken into account thoroughly in order to define the water functional zones. Besides, the functions and aquatic environmental quality objectives of distinct water functional zones should also be determined. Different methods for calculating the pollutant beating capacity should be adopted in accordance with the type of and the status quo of aquatic environmental quality in different water functional zones. When using numerical model to calculate the pollutant bearing capacity, the model and related parameters should be selected based on the current situation of water resources in different water functional zones. In practice, in order to determine the controlled quantity of pollutants load to the rivers of different planning years, several factors should be taken into consideration, such as the pollutants bearing capacity and pollutant load to the rivers of the water functional zones, water quality of the water functional zones, local technical and economic conditions as well as socio-economic situation.