济宁市小学生生长发育状况分析

The analysis on students' growth and development of primary school in Jining

目的了解济宁市小学生的体质健康状况和生长发育变化趋势。方法 2010年9～11月份,在济宁市学生体质与健康调研点校,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取7～11岁小学生1000人,以1岁为一个年龄组,每组城乡各100人,性别比例为1:1。由专业人员采用统一的器材对抽取的学生进行相关身体指标的测量。选择身高、体重作为形态学指标以及肺活量、握力作为身体机能指标进行分析。结果 2010年济宁市小学生的身高、体重、肺活量、握力指标与2005年济宁市小学生体质调研结果相比均有不同程度的增长;农村学生的身高、体重、握力3项指标高于城市学生,城乡学生的肺活量差异无统计学意义。结论近年来济宁市小学生身体形态、机能素质发育水平不断提高,小学生身体发育水平的城乡间差异正在减小。

Objective To understand the status and the trend of children and adolescents health and growth in Jining. Methods Using random cluster sampling mothod 1000 children and adolescents aged 7-11 years old were selected during September to November in 2010. The subjects were grouped in terms of age, and each group contained 200 members, half of which from urban areas, and others from rural. The proportion between boys and girls in each of groups was 1 ： 1. Surveyors used appropriate equipment to measure students＂ physical parameter. Then, the height and the weight were analyzed as the morphological index,and the vital capacity and the grip strength were selected to be analyzed as the bodily function targets. Results Compared with the survey results in 2005, the students＇ height, weight, vital capacity and grip strength increased in different degrees. Students＇ growth and develop level in rural areas was better than urban areas. Conclusion The results showed significant increase in growth level of the primary school students of Jining in recent years. The gaps of primary school students＇ growth and development level between urban and rural areas was narrowing.