氢液化系统的研究进展与展望

Review on Research and Developments of Hydrogen Liquefaction Systems

简要回顾了氢液化系统的发展历程,介绍了目前世界上氢液化系统的主要流程和发展现状。通过对比各种氢液化的流程可以看出,大型氢液化系统主要是在预冷型克劳德循环的基础上进行改进,效率普遍较低,仅为20%~30%,而1998年以来提出的创新流程效率可达40%~50%。最后,讨论了氢的特性对液化效率及氢液化设备性能的影响,从改进工艺流程和发展氢液化设备两方面对氢液化系统未来的发展进行了展望。

This paper briefly reviews the developments of hydrogen liquefaction systems. The main hydrogen liquefaction processes worldwide and the production status are summerized. It is found that all the large-scale hydrogen liquefaction systems in use are based on the modified Claude cycle with precooling in which the exergy efficiency is only 20%-30%, but the exergy efficiency of the innovation processes can be reach 40%-50% science 1998. The effects of the hydrogen properties on the efficiency and performance of liquefaction are further discussed. Finally, the development of hydrogen liquefaction system is prospected from the aspects of improved processes and efficient equipments.