恐惧联结的习得及其脑机制研究

Formation of Associative Learning of Fear and Its Neural Mechanisms

恐惧联结学习是保证有机体生存和适应的重要手段,主要表现为以下三种方式:亲身体验、社会观察和言语指导,习得之后会对认知和社会功能产生重要影响。脑损伤、脑功能成像及神经核团水平的研究均表明,恐惧联结的习得主要与杏仁核和海马等脑区有关。

Associative learning of fear is crucial for human survival and adaptation. In this review, we first introduced the three ways that leads to the development of associative learning of fear, including self-experiencing, social observation and verbal instruction. Secondly, we showed that the acquisition of associative learning of fear had important influence on the cognitive and social behaviors. The extant studies on the neural basis of associative learning of fear, including lesion studies, neuroimaging studies and studies on nucleus neurons in certain areas, demonstrated the crucial role of the amygdala and hippocampus in the associative learning of fear.