大学男篮运动员赛前竞赛状态焦虑及其相关因素

Research on College Men's Basketball Athletes' Pre-competition State Anxiety and Related Affecting Factors

目的:了解大学男篮运动员的竞赛状态焦虑及其相关因素。方法:以参加2010年全国某杯大学生篮球赛的130名大学男篮运动员为研究对象,采用竞赛状态焦虑量表(CSAI-2)和自编基本人口学资料问卷进行调查。结果:①大学男篮运动员认知状态焦虑和状态自信心得分高于CBA运动员样本(P<0.05);②不同场上位置的大学男篮运动员认知状态焦虑得分、竞赛状态焦虑总分有差异(P<0.05);③不同运动年限的大学男篮运动员各维度得分均有差异,运动年限小于5年的大学男篮运动员认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑和总分均高于其他组,状态自信心低于其他组(P<0.01);④不同场均上场时间的大学男篮运动员各维度得分均有差异,场均上场时间在10-30分钟的大学男篮运动员认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑和总分均高于其他组,场均上场时间小于10分钟的大学男篮运动员状态自信心低于其他组(P<0.05);⑤国家一级运动员焦虑水平低于国家二级运动员,状态自信心高于国家二级运动员(P<0.05)。结论:运动员级别、运动年限、场均上场时间以及场上位置对大学男篮运动员赛前竞赛状态焦虑影响较大。

Objective： To observe the competitive state anxiety and its relevant factors of college men＇s basketball athletes. Methods： 130 college men＇s basketball athletes who participated in 2010 National basketball competition were investigated by Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and self-organized Basic Demography Data Questionnaire. Results： （1）The scores of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence of college men＇s basketball athletes were significantly higher than that of the sample of CBA （P〈0.05）. （2） The scores of cognitive anxiety, the total scores of competitive state anxiety in college men＇s basketball athletes who played in different positions bad statistical significance （P〈0.05）. （3）There were statistical significance in every dimensionality among different time of years they played, and the scores of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety as well as the total of athletes who played shorter than 5 years were higher than those in the other two groups; the scores of serf-confidence was lower than those of the other two groups （P〈0.01）. （4）There was statistical significance in every dimensionality among different mean playing time （MPT）, the scores of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety as well as the total of whose MPT within 10-30min were higher than those in the other two groups, the scores of self-confidence in whose MPT within 10min were lower than those of the other two groups （P〈0.05）. （5）The scores of anxiety in dimensionality of national secondary rate athletes were higher than those the national first rate athletes, but the scores of self-confidence of national secondary rate athletes were much lower than those of the first rate athletes （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Athletes level, the years they played, MPT as well as the position of college men＇s basketball athletes are related with the precompetitive state anxiety.