影响我国留守儿童心理健康相关因素的系统评价

Factors Related to Le -behind Children’s Mental Health: A Systematic Review

目的系统描述并分析影响我国留守儿童心理健康的相关因素。方法计算机检索CBM、VIP、CNKI和WanFang Data截至2011年3月发表的中文文献,纳入已发表的关于我国留守儿童心理健康相关因素的研究文献。由两名研究者独立进行文献筛选和资料提取,而后交叉核对,如有分歧通过讨论或参考第三方意见达成一致,采用定性研究方法系统总结纳入文献的信息和结果。结果共检索到3?252条记录,经筛选后最终纳入49篇横断面研究。定性分析结果显示:影响我国留守儿童心理健康的相关因素主要有社会因素、家庭因素、学校因素和自身因素四大方面的近30种具体的影响因素,其中主要影响因素有性别、年龄、亲子关系、社会支持、个性特征、双亲外出情况和外出时间等。结论我国留守儿童心理健康的影响因素很多,目前已开展了较多研究,但相关研究的质量均不高,论证效能低。部分因素对留守儿童心理健康的影响尚存在分歧,以后应针对我国留守儿童心理健康的相关因素开展高质量的纵向动态研究,深入分析各因素之间的相互关系,从而为制定切实有效的干预措施提供科学有力的依据。

Objective To systematically analyze the factors in uencing the le-behind children’s mental health.Meth-ods A er the search term and strategy were con rmed by researchers,four Chinese databases including Chinese Biological Medical Literature Database（CBM）,Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database（VIP）,China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） and WanFang Database（WF） were searched to collect papers,published before March 2011,on rel-evant factors in uencing mental health of le-behind children in China.en two reviewers independently screened,extract-ed and cross-checked the data,and the disagreements were resolved by discussion or by consulting a third reviewer.Qualita-tive synthesis method was used to analyze the study results.Results Of the total 3？252 records,49 studies were included.e results of qualitative analysis showed that factors in uencing le-behind children’s mental health could be classi ed into four categories including social factors,family factors,school factors and personal factors.Of the nearly 30 kinds of speci c factors,the main ones were gender,age,parent-child relationship,social support,personality and characteristics,and outgo-ing condition of parents,etc.Conclusion Current research results indicate that many factors have in uences on mental health of le-behind children,but the research quality is not high with low argument e ciency.ere are still controversies on several factors’ impact.Longitudinal studies with rigorous design are needed to analyze the impact of di erent factors on the le-behind children’s mental health and to summarize the interaction between various factors,so as to provide scienti c evidence for developing practical and e ective intervention measures.