石家庄市居民恶性肿瘤死因及减寿分析

The Analysis on Death Causes and Life Lost of Malignant Tumor among Residents in Shijiazhuang

目的了解2007—2009年石家庄市居民恶性肿瘤死亡流行病学特征及寿命和工作损失情况,为恶性肿瘤的防治工作提供依据。方法资料来源于2007—2009年监测点收集的《居民死亡医学证明书》,根据ICD-10做疾病分类,输入DeathReg2002、SPSS13.0软件进行统计学分析,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数、标化减寿年数、标化减寿率、平均减寿年数、潜在工作损失年数、平均工作损失年数、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命等。以第5次全国人口普查(2000年)年龄人口构成及期望寿命进行标化。结果 2007—2009年,石家庄市恶性肿瘤年均死亡率69.53/10万(标化死亡率59.95/10万),居全死因第2位,其死亡率随年龄递增,并有逐年上升趋势。恶性肿瘤中,肺癌死亡率18.06/10万,居第1位,其次为肝癌和胃癌;男女性死亡率分别是87.34/10万和49.62/10万,差异有统计学意义;0～14岁、15～59岁、60岁及以上人群的主要死因分别是白血病、肝癌、肺癌。潜在减寿年数(PYLL)依次为肝癌、肺癌、白血病、胃癌、结肠直肠肛门癌;平均减寿年数(AYLL)依次为白血病、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、膀胱癌、结肠直肠肛门癌;平均工作损失年数(AWYLL)为白血病、宫颈癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌、乳腺癌;居民期望寿命72.69岁,去恶性肿瘤死因后期望寿命增加3.04岁。结论肺癌和肝癌对居民寿命影响较大,白血病和宫颈癌高发于低年龄组人群,对劳动力损失较大。应根据不同人群、不同肿瘤的特点,采取综合性干预措施,减少恶性肿瘤的发生。

Objective To know the epidemic characteristics and the life lost of malignant tumor death of residents in surveillance sites of Shijiazhuang. Methods Data of the medical certificate for residents death were collected from the monitoring sites during year 2007--2009, and then classified according to ICD-10 system. Data were input with Death Reg 2002 and analyzed with SPSS 13.0. The mortality, standardized mortality, potential years of life lost （PYLL）, standardized years of life lost, standardized years of life lost rate, average years of life lost （AYLL）, working years of potential life lost （WYPLL）, average working years of potential life lost, life expectancy, death cause-excluded life expectancy, etc, were calculated. Results During 2007 to 2009, the mortality of malignant tumor was 69.53/105 （the standardized one was 59.95/105） ranked the second in all causes of death, which increased with age, and had rising trend. Among malignant tumors, the mortality of lung cancer was 18.06/10s, ranked the first, and then liver cancer and stomach cancer followed. Mortality rate was 87.34/10s in male and 49.62/10s in female. The leading cause of death among people in 0-14, 15-59, 60 years and above were leukemia, liver cancer and lung cancer, respectively. PYLL was ordinal for carcinoma, lung, stomach, colorectal leukemia, anal cancer; AYLL were breast cancer, leukemia, cervical, bladder, colorectal anal cancer; AWYLL were leukemia, cervical, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, esophageal, breast. Life expectancy of residents was 72.69 years, which increased 3.04 years old life when excluded the death cause of malignant tumor. Conclusion Lung and liver cancer have greater influence on the residents＇ life, leukemia and cervical cancer incidence is high in the young crowd and has bigger labor loss. According to characteristics of different populations and different tumors, the comprehensive interventions should be taken to reduce the incidence of malignant tumors and the disease burden.