轮胎侧向力影响因素试验

Affecting Factors Experiment in Tire Lateral Force

轮胎侧向力与轮胎侧偏角、垂直载荷、车轮外倾角、纵向滑移率、轮速及胎压等因素直接相关,是车辆横向动力学重要的组成部分。通过对轮胎试验数据整理分析,阐述了车轮侧向力与各种影响因素间的关系。随着轮胎侧偏角的增大,车轮侧向力呈现很强的非线性。随着垂直载荷的增大,车轮侧向力不会呈比例增大。由于侧向力与侧偏角及垂直载荷间的非线性关系对车辆行驶性能及悬架调校非常重要,应用计算实例描述了载荷变化的影响。车轮外倾角与侧向力间的关系对悬架外倾角补偿特性非常重要,对此进行了计算说明。

The tire lateral force was influenced by tire side slip angle,vertical force,camber angle,longitudinal slip ratio,wheel speed,tire pressure and so on,and was one important part of vehicle lateral dynamics.Based on the research of tire test data,the relation between tire lateral force and all affecting factors was described in detail.The characteristic diagram of the lateral force versus the tire slip angle showed a degressive shape.An increase of wheel load did not lead to a proportional increase of the transferable lateral force.The degressive dependence of the lateral force upon the slip angle as well as upon the wheel load was very important for the driving behavior and the tuning of suspension,as would be clarified by a numerical example.The relation between tire lateral force and camber angle was very important for suspension camber recovery property,and a numerical example was used to clarify.