我国基础研究的地区差距演变及其分解

The variation tendency of regional difference for China's basic research and its decomposition

以国家自然科学基金在各省区的分布为基础研究能力的衡量指标,采用基尼系数和泰尔指数模型测量了我国基础研究能力的地区差距。结果表明我国基础研究能力的地区差距在不断缩小,其中青年科技人员基础研究能力的地区差距呈波动下降,且对整体差距的影响在不断增大;从基础研究能力的地区分布来看,东部地区和中部地区的内部差距呈下降趋势,东北地区的内部差距较小且相对稳定,但西部地区的内部差距却呈上升态势。因此,在继续加大基础研究经费投入的同时,还需要关注青年科技人员的地区分布及西部地区基础研究的差距问题,促进我国基础研究和谐与可持续发展。

Taking the fund distribution of National Nature Science of China as indexes,the regional fund difference of basic research is analyzed using the models of Gini coefficient and Theil index.The results show that the regional difference of basic research in China gradually decreases and the regional difference of young scientist research capability also decreases.According to the results of decomposition,the regional differences within eastern part and central part of China decrease gradually,and the regional difference within the northeast part of China is small and relatively stable,however the regional differences within western part of China gradually increase.Therefore it is important to focus on the distribution of young scientists and the internal difference of western part of China in order to develop China＇s basic research harmoniously and continually.