生物黑炭还田对晚稻CH_4和N_2O综合减排影响研究

Integrated effect of decreasing CH_4 and N_2O emission by Biochar incorported to paddy field on late rice

利用静态箱法测定了稻草直接还田和生物黑炭还田对湖南晚稻CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明,与单施化肥处理相比,添加稻草和生物黑炭处理的CH4排放量分别增加了24.70%(P<0.05)和6.32%,而N2O的排放量分别降低了37.08%(P<0.05)和37.61%(P<0.05);生物黑炭CH4排放量较稻草还田减少了14.74%(P<0.05)。按100年统计稻田CH4和N2O的综合增温潜势(GWP)表明,单位产量的GWP由大到小顺序为稻草(RS),不施肥(CK),黑炭(BC),化肥(CF)。综上说明,生物黑炭还田能保持晚稻产量稳定,减少了当季晚稻CH4和N2O的排放,具有一定的生态环境效益。

The field experiment of CH4 and N2O emission by straw incorporated to paddy field（RS） and biochar incorporated to paddy field（BC） during late rice growth stages was studied in Hunan province using the static chamber-gas chromatograph techniques.Results showed that Amount of CH4 emissions by treatments of RS and BC were increased by 24.70%（P0.05） and 6.32% respectively,compared with chemical fertilization treatment（CF）,but amount of N2O emission was reduced by 37.08%（P0.05） and 37.61%（P0.05）,respectively.Amount of CH4 emissions by BC treatment was decrease by 14.74%（P0.05） than that of RS treatment.According to Global Warming Potential（GWP） converted by CH4 and N2O emissions at one hundred years scale,the result showed that GWP of unit yields arranged by RS CK BC CF.Therefore,biochar returned to field not only was stabilized rice yields,but also reduced CH4 and N2O emission of later rice,and application of BC has a well environment benefits.