河西走廊东部近50年气候变化特征及区内5站对比分析

Change characteristics and 5 stations contrastive analysis of climate in eastern Hexi corridor in recent 50 years

利用河西走廊东部武威市五个气象站近50年气温、降水资料,运用统计学的方法,详细分析了当地气温、降水的时空变化特征,并进行了对比分析。结果表明,北部川区气温远大于南部山区,随海拔高度的升高气温逐渐降低;北部川区降水远小于南部山区,随海拔高度的升高降水逐渐增多。各地年平均气温呈上升趋势,20世纪90年代以来升温明显。从平均气温、最高气温、最低气温变化来看,各季节升温幅度为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,冬季增温远大于其余三个季节。平均最低气温的升幅大于平均最高气温的升幅,说明夜间增温大于白天。高温天气主要出现在6～9月,低温天气主要出现在11～次年3月。各地年降水量(除古浪外)呈增加趋势,各季节降水的增加幅度为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,夏季降水的增多对年降水的贡献最大。降水以小雨为主,随着降水量级的增加降水日数迅速减少。强降水只出现在5～9月。

Using nearly 50a the characteristics of temporal and temperature and precipitation data of five stations in Wuwei of eastern Hexi corridor, spatial change of temperature and precipitation in the area were analyzed, and contrastive analysis was also conducted with statistics method. The results showed： The temperature of north plain area was far higher than that of south mountainous area, and the temperature reduced gradually precipitation of north plain area was far less than that of south mountainous area, and the along with rise of altitude. The precipitation increased gradually along with the rise of altitude. The regional annual mean temperature assumed a trend of escalation, and the temperature had elevated obviously since the 1990s. Viewed from the change of the average temperature, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature, the elevation scopes of various seasons＇ temperature were winter 〉 spring 〉 autumn 〉 sum- mer, the winter warming was far greater than other three seasons. The elevation scopes of the average lowest temperature was bigger than that of the average highest temperature, which explained that the night warming was bigger than the day- time warming. The high temperature weather mainly appeared from June to Septembe mainly appeared from November to March of next year. Yearly precipitation of every creasing tendency. The iricreasing scopes of the various ter, precipitation＇ s increase of summer was the biggest rain. Precipitation days reduced rapidly along with the only appeared from May to September. r, while the low temperature weather region （except Gulang） assumed inseasons＇ precipitation were summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 winto year precipitation＇ s contribution. Precipitation was mainly light precipitation magnitude＇s enhancement. The strong precipitation