泥质烃源岩有机质保存研究

A Review of Studies on Organic Matter Preservation in Muddy Source Rocks

在泥质烃源岩中,存在多种有机质保存方式。除外部缺氧环境外,有机质通过降解缩聚、选择性保存、自然硫化以及黏土保护等得以稳定存在。不同保存机制的有机质,构成了干酪根中多样的有机质显微组分类型,并在生烃时间和生烃性能方面存在显著差异性,这可能是造成泥质烃源岩具有宽生烃区间的重要原因。对多种有机质保存机制进行深入认识,探讨不同保存机制与外部环境的关系,尤其是矿物与有机质的相互作用,可能是未来石油地质领域有机质保存研究中的重要问题。这对于深化油气成因理论研究,更科学地开展油气资源评价,探索油气勘探新领域,具有十分重要的意义。

Many preservation ways of organic matter exist in the muddy source rocks.Besides the oxygen-deficient environment,the organic matter is stably preserved by the degradation and condensation,selectivity preservation,vulcanization and clay protection.The organic matters with different preservation mechanisms form the multiple organic micro-components,such as the sponge amorphism organic matter,configuration organic matter,sporomorph,and particle amorphism organic matter,etc.It is different evidently in the generating hydrocarbon time and the capacity of generating hydrocarbon,which is possible to lead to the wide interval of generating hydrocarbon in the muddy source rocks.In-depth understanding of the preservation mechanisms of organic matter,discussion of the relations of the different preservation mechanisms with each other and the relation between external sedimentary circumstance and organic matter preservation mechanisms,especially the interaction between minerals and organic matter,which are the essential and important problems to study on the organic matter in the future petroleum geology.It is of great significance for deepening the theory of oil and gas genesis,evaluating the oil and gas resources,exploring the new areas for petroleum exploration.