北魏道武帝早年踪迹考

An Investigation on the Tracks of Emperor Dao Wu in His Early Years

《魏书》对什翼犍的死期、死地与北魏道武帝建国前踪迹的记载上,其可信性不能不受到怀疑。细究南北朝史籍的相关记载,看似存在矛盾,但能发现巧合之处,而且南朝史籍能够补充北朝史籍缺少的部分内容。据此可推知:拓跋代国灭亡之后到道武帝九年(386年)回独孤部为止,道武帝并没有生活在代国旧地。

The time and the place in which Shi Yi Jian（the acting King of the Northern Wei Dynasty） died and what Emperor Dao Wu did before the founding of the kingdom recorded in Wei Shu（a biographical history book about the Northern Wei Dynasty） have been questioned.The history records of Northern and Southern Dynasties about these events seem contradictory,but some coincidences can be found because these historical materials are supplementary to some extent.It can be concluded that Emperor Dao Wu did not live in the place,in which Tuo Ba Tribes prepared to build a new kingdom,during the period of the destruction of the so-called kingdom to the ninth year of Emperor Dao Wu when he returned the Du Gu Tribes.