运动员竞技能力非衡结构补偿理论

The Compensation Theory of Unbalanced Structure of Athlete's Performance Ability

采用文献研究法、访问研究法 (面访调查法与信访调查法 )、个案研究法、类比法、灰色分析法 ,对竞技能力构成因素中某种 (些 )相对薄弱的素质或能力为另一种 (些 )高度发展的素质或能力所弥补或代偿的现象的发生与发展规律进行了研究。提出了竞技能力非衡结构及非衡结构补偿这一组新概念 ,揭示了竞技能力非衡结构功能特征的整体性与层次性、动态性与稳定性是运动员竞技能力个体模型非衡结构的基本特征 ,并从不同角度概括与设计了竞技能力非衡结构补偿的途径 :非衡补偿与平衡补偿、放大补偿与辐射补偿、外源性补偿与内源性补偿。

This paper investigated the characteristics of general model of athlete’s performance ability and discussed the phenomena and laws of some undeveloped component(s) in the structure of performance ability compensated by other well developed component(s) in sports training and competition. The new concepts of unbalanced structure of athlete’s performance ability and the compensation for it were presented, together with discussion of the functional characteristics of the unbalanced structure and the compensation methods from different aspects.