四肢中重度水肿患者皮肤试敏部位的改进研究

The improvement research on kin sensitivity test parts of the patients with moderate or severe limbs edema

目的对四肢中度或重度水肿患者皮肤试敏的部位进行改进。方法将100例四肢中度或重度水肿需要实施皮肤试敏的患者随机分为研究组50例、观察组50例，研究组在双侧锁骨中点与胸骨纵轴连线所形成的三角区域进行皮肤试敏，观察组常规在前臂掌侧下1／3进行皮肤试敏。结果出现试敏结果难以判断的研究组6．O％（3／50）、观察组40．0％（20／50），需要重复试敏的研究组4．0％（2／50）、观察组20．0％（10/50），试敏后使用药物治疗发生过敏反应的研究组2．0％（1／50）、观察组6．O％（3／50），两组出现试敏结果难以判断P〈0．01、需重复试敏P〈0．05，比较有显著意义，而药物过敏反应的比较无显著意义P〉0．05。结论对四肢中度或重度水肿患者在双侧锁骨中点与胸骨纵轴连线所形成的三角区域进行皮肤试敏，避免了重复试敏、增加患者痛苦和护理工作量，对降低护理技术风险、保障安全用药有重要意义。

Objective To explore the improvement of kin sensitivity test parts of the patients with moderate or severe limbs edema. Methods A total of 100 patients received skin sensitivity with moderate or severe edema of the limbs were divided into study group and control group with 50 cases in each. Patients in study group were received skin sensitivity test in the mid-point of the sternum and longitudinal axis of bilateral clavicle and the triangular area formed in it. The patients in control group was received normal skin sensitivity test. Results After the allergy test and medication, 2. 0% （1/50） of study group and 6. 0% （3/50） of control group appear allergic reactions. There was significant difference in the allergy test results difficult to judge （P 〈 0. 01 ） and the repeated test needed between two groups （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Test described as above can avoid repeated sensitivity test and reduce suffering of patients and nursing workload and reduce risk in nursing and ensure medication safety.